News Category: Research

Continuing Disaster Risk Education in Uzbekistan’s Mountain Villages

Written by Tomiris on July 31 2025.

In the middle of July 2025, the GLOFCA project returned to the pilot villages of Pskem and Tepar in Uzbekistan’s Bostanlyk District to continue building local knowledge on glacier-related hazards. This visit is part of GLOFCA’s ongoing work in the region, following previous activities in 2024, including the installation of weather monitoring stations and a lesson on mudflow safety.

Organized in partnership with the Glacial Geology Centre under the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, the Hydrometeorological Scientific Research Institute (NIGMI), and the Ministry of Ecology, the July visit focused on strengthening disaster risk awareness in schools and communities.

Educational sessions were held in schools No. 45 (Pskem) and No. 50 (Tepar), bringing together students, teachers, and residents to learn about natural hazards such as debris flows, avalanches, and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). The sessions included a multimedia presentation prepared by NIGMI, along with a documentary film on the 1998 Shakhimardan GLOF, a powerful example of the real impacts of such events. A drawing contest and online survey helped engage students in reflecting on disaster risks and preparedness.

The team also checked and adjusted the weather stations installed in both schools during the previous year, ensuring their continued functionality for local observation and learning.

To conclude the visit, the group conducted hydrometric and bathymetric surveys at the Uzungach Lake system, which feeds into the Pskem River. These data will support future planning for hazard monitoring and early warning.

Through sustained outreach and practical engagement, GLOFCA continues to support climate resilience and disaster preparedness in Uzbekistan’s high mountain regions.

Insights into GLOF risk management shared at COP29 side event

Written by Tomiris on November 25 2024.

As part of COP29, held this year in Baku, Azerbaijan, a side event titled “Glacial lake outburst floods and flows: responding to climate change risks related to the world’s glaciers” brought attention to the escalating risks posed by GLOFs. Organized by the Adaptation@Altitude Programme of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), the event explored innovative solutions for managing these hazards.

The GLOFCA project was represented at the event by Simon Allen, a project scientist from the University of Zurich. In his keynote presentation, Allen shared insights on GLOF risk management in rapidly changing mountain environments, drawing from a comprehensive review of over 100 global GLOF disaster risk management projects. This global review, led by Laura Niggli (also of the University of Zurich), has provided critical insights and best practices for disaster risk reduction strategies now being implemented in GLOFCA’s pilot regions. Key recommendations from the review have been elaborated through case studies and compiled into a brochure designed for decision-makers, civil society, and implementation agencies.

Watch the presentation and access the brochure below.

Read the brochure

GLOFs Research Mission in Tajikistan

Written by Tomiris on September 18 2024.

From August 19 to 30, 2024, a field visit was conducted in Tajikistan to advance our understanding of glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs). This mission, led by Dr. Evan Miles from the University of Zurich, involved collaboration with scientists from the Centre for Glacier Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan. The visit aimed to assess the Baralmos Glacier and its associated lakes, introduce new monitoring equipment and enhance local scientific capacity.

The Baralmos Glacier: Importance and Challenges

The Baralmos Glacier in the Lakhsh district of eastern Tajikistan is a key site for studying GLOFs. The glacier’s lakes have a history of generating significant mudflows that impact downstream areas. These floods have caused severe disruptions to local infrastructure, including roads and settlements along the Surhob River. Understanding and monitoring this glacier is crucial for developing effective hazard mitigation strategies.

Work During the Field Visit

Assessment and Monitoring

During the mission, the team focused on evaluating previously established monitoring sites. They utilized two new pieces of equipment: a bathymetric surveying boat and ground-penetrating radar. The remotely operated boat with a sonar was used to measure glacier lakes’ depth. The team successfully surveyed 2 lakes 43 and 45 meters deep, providing essential data on water volume and lake dynamics. Ground-Penetrating Radar was employed to measure the thickness of the glacier ice. Accurate ice thickness data is vital for predicting the potential growth of glacier lakes and their associated flood risks.

The fieldwork also included a capacity-building component, where Dr. Miles trained local scientists from the Centre for Glacier Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan on the operation and applications of these new tools. This training ensures that the local team will be able to conduct future assessments and contribute to ongoing monitoring efforts.

Scouting for Early Warning System (EWS) Implementation

In addition to the assessment activities, the team scouted potential locations for implementing an EWS. This system aims to detect and provide timely alerts for impending floods. The scouting process involved evaluating geographical and technical factors to identify optimal sensor placement and communication infrastructure.

Impact and Future Directions

The insights gained from this field visit will significantly contribute to the GLOFCA project. By enhancing our understanding of the Baralmos Glacier and its lakes, we can improve hazard prediction models and develop more effective mitigation strategies. Furthermore, the capacity-building efforts will strengthen local scientific capabilities, supporting long-term disaster risk reduction in the region.

The data collected and the knowledge shared during this mission will inform future research and aid in the development of resilient infrastructure and early warning systems, ultimately contributing to the safety and preparedness of communities in Tajikistan.

GLOFCA Scientists' study at poster session EGU 2024

Evaluating Glacial Lake Outburst Floods: A Collaborative Study Presented at EGU24

Written by admin on August 20 2024.

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a significant hazard in the mountainous regions of Central Asia, posing serious risks to both natural environments and local communities. As part of the GLOFCA project, a recent study was conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Zurich and the University of Central Asia. Their findings, presented at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2024 (EGU24) in Vienna, offer valuable insights into cost-effective disaster risk management (DRM) strategies for these regions.

Study overview

The study “Modelling and evaluating GLOF risk management measures in the Kyrgyz Ala-Archa valley” was led by scientists Laura Niggli, Vitalii Zaginaev, Holger Frey, Simon Allen, and Christian Huggel. The team focused on the Ala-Archa catchment in the Kyrgyz range, south of Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, where they analyzed the effectiveness and cost-benefit of five potential GLOF DRM measures, which include:

Current state
Lake volume reductions
Extension of existing deflection dam
Increase height of retention dam and capacity of reservoir
Early Warning System (EWS)
Land use planning

Using the RAMMS debris flow software, the researchers simulated two GLOF scenarios to analyze the impact of each DRM measure on hazard and exposure. It formed the basis for the most efficient and effective GLOF risk reduction strategy.

Key Findings

One of the study’s key challenges was quantifying the additional costs — both monetary and non-monetary — associated with implementing complex non-structural GLOF DRM measures like early warning systems (EWS). The effectiveness and sustainability of these measures heavily depend on significant participation from local stakeholders, making the process resource- and time-intensive.

The cost-benefit analysis revealed that while simulations are effective in estimating impacts and costs, they are limited in assessing the benefits, particularly in terms of reducing vulnerabilities. The study advocates for a combination of DRM measures to achieve the most favorable cost-benefit ratio, addressing multiple risk components, including hazard, exposure, and vulnerability.

Presentation at EGU24

The research was showcased at EGU24, one of the larges geoscientific conferences in the World, during a poster session on “Natural Hazards, Vulnerabilities, and Risks in the Mountainous Regions”. It drew considerable interest from the scientific community, with active discussions on the study’s methodology, results, and implications for broader disaster risk management. The researchers emphasized that with the increasing number of glacial lakes and the associated risks linked to climate change, cost-effective GLOF DRM is becoming increasingly important. The study’s approach offers a valuable framework for applying DRM strategies in other mountainous catchments.

This study significantly contributes to our understanding the impacts of GLOF mitigation measures in Central Asia. The findings serve as a vital resource for decisionmakers in developing cost-effective DRM strategies for GLOF-risk regions.

For a more detailed look at the study, the full abstract is available online.

Research Mission to Assess Glacier Lake Outburst Flood Risks in Tajikistan

Written by admin on July 19 2024.

Date: 19-30 August 2024
Location: Dushanbe, Jirgatol, and Kyzylsu Lake, Tajikistan

As part of our ongoing efforts to mitigate the risks associated with Glacier Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in Central Asia, we are excited to announce an upcoming research mission in Tajikistan. Led by the University of Zurich (UZH) scientist Dr. Evan Miles, this mission will take place from August 19 to 30, 2024. The mission aims to deepen our understanding of the hazards posed by glacier lake outburst floods, particularly those affecting the Baralmos Glacier.

Key Activities and Objectives

Meetings with Key Partners Dr. Evan Miles will commence his visit with crucial meetings involving key stakeholders, including Tajik Hydromet and the Tajik Academy of Sciences. These discussions will focus on enhancing collaboration and sharing insights on recent developments in glacier monitoring and risk assessment.

Field Activities A significant portion of the mission will be dedicated to fieldwork at the Baralmos Glacier and Kyzylsu Lake. Dr. Miles, along with local scientists, will engage in several critical activities:

Measuring Glacier Thickness: This involves detailed surveys to assess the glacier’s current thickness, providing data essential for understanding its stability and potential for future outburst floods.
Assessing Volume Changes in Glacier Lakes: The team will evaluate recent volume changes in the lakes that are causing annual floods, posing threats to local infrastructure, particularly a key road along the Vahksh River.
Reinstalling Pressure Transducers: To monitor water pressure and lake levels accurately, the team will reinstall and calibrate pressure transducers at strategic points around the glacier.
Bathymetric Surveys: These surveys will map the underwater topography of the glacier lakes, helping to predict future water displacement and flood patterns.
Downloading Rock Temperature Loggers: Data from these loggers will aid in understanding the thermal dynamics of the glacier environment, which is crucial for predicting melt rates and associated risks.
Ice Thickness Survey: Conducting a comprehensive ice thickness survey to gather more data on the glacier’s health and its potential impact on downstream areas.

Expected Outcomes

The mission is expected to yield critical insights into the current state of the Baralmos Glacier and its associated lakes. By measuring the glacier’s thickness and assessing lake volume changes, the team will be able to:

Improve Hazard Prediction: Enhance our understanding of the future risks posed by GLOFs, facilitating better hazard prediction models.
Develop Mitigation Strategies: Provide data that will inform the development of effective measures to mitigate the impacts of GLOFs on local communities and infrastructure.
Strengthen Local Collaboration: Foster stronger relationships with local scientific and governmental institutions to ensure that research benefits local stakeholders and supports regional resilience to climate-related hazards.

Next Steps

Post-mission, the findings will be compiled into a comprehensive report and shared with relevant stakeholders, including governmental agencies, developmental organizations, and research institutions. This will support informed decision-making and contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance climate resilience in Central Asia.

Meeting Advances Early Warning System for GLOFs in Kyrgyzstan

Written by admin on October 20 2023.

Local Support and Technical Challenges Discussed in Key Stakeholder Meeting

In a recent meeting, members of the GLOFCA team, partners, and stakeholders gathered to discuss the development of an Early Warning System (EWS) for Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in Kyrgyzstan’s Ala-Archa National Park.

EWS Progress Shared

Laura Niggli and Holger Frey from UZH presented the current status of EWS planning to local representatives, including community leaders and National Park members.

Input from Stakeholders

The meeting provided a platform for stakeholders to share their insights on how to best alert residents, tourists, and dacha owners about potential GLOFs and debris flows.

Local Support Evident

Local organizations expressed strong interest in the EWS and warmly welcomed plans for its establishment, emphasizing the need for improved disaster preparedness.

Challenges Identified

The meeting also revealed technical and administrative questions that require resolution in the finalization of the EWS design.

Implications for Stakeholders

Local Communities: Local communities are integral to the success of the EWS and should stay engaged in its development to ensure their safety.
Local Research Institutes: Their expertise is crucial in shaping the EWS, and their involvement ensures regional knowledge is leveraged effectively.
Governmental Agencies Responsible for GLOFs: Government agencies should capitalize on local support and address technical and administrative challenges to enhance disaster preparedness. Their commitment is key to addressing specific hazards and enhancing preparedness at a governmental level.

Overall, the meeting signifies progress in EWS development and underscores the need for collaboration and problem-solving to protect Kyrgyzstan’s communities from GLOFs.

Collaborative Research Explores Hazards in Pamir Region, Aims to Improve Disaster Preparedness

Written by admin on October 20 2023.

In a recent expedition to the Pamir region, a team of researchers and agencies explored the beauty and hazards of the area, shedding light on crucial findings that have far-reaching implications.

Collaborative Research Efforts

Collaborative efforts involving the Aga Khan Agency of Habitat (AKAH), Tajik Hydromet, local research institutes, governmental agencies responsible for GLOFs, and the University of Zurich (UZH) marked the expedition. This synergy allowed for a comprehensive approach to understanding and addressing environmental risks in the region.

Local Insights

The team engaged with local communities, gaining valuable insights into their traditions, living conditions, and perceptions of risk. This local knowledge forms a crucial foundation for disaster preparedness and response.

Field Campaign Objectives

The expedition focused on assessing the susceptibility of lakes above the village of Varshedz to glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Activities included data collection, bathymetric surveys, and the placement of temperature loggers.

Early Warning Systems (EWS)

Discussions with AKAH, Tajik Hydromet, local research institutes, and governmental agencies responsible for GLOFs experts explored the concept of a future Early Warning System (EWS). These discussions encompassed logistics, administrative, political, and technical considerations, laying the groundwork for effective inter-institutional collaboration and EWS implementation.

The findings of expedition resonate with various stakeholders:

Local Communities: The importance of local engagement and community knowledge in disaster preparedness is evident, emphasizing the need for communities to stay informed and involved.
Local Research Institutes: Collaboration with local research institutes ensures that regional expertise is leveraged to tackle environmental risks effectively.
Governmental Agencies Responsible for GLOFs: Involvement of governmental agencies responsible for GLOFs underscores the commitment to address these specific hazards and enhance preparedness at a governmental level. This collaborative research provides critical data for disaster management and planning, informing decisions related to risk mitigation.

Overall, this collaborative research initiative underscores the significance of scientific cooperation, local engagement, and the pursuit of effective Early Warning Systems to mitigate hazards and safeguard communities in the Pamir region.

Trends in Monitoring and Data Accessibility

Written by admin on October 20 2023.

Knowledge management is essential for effective disaster response, and GLOFCA is at the forefront. The World Water Development Report 2023 sheds light on innovative trends in monitoring and data accessibility, aligning with our mission to enhance early warning systems for glacial lake outburst floods in Central Asia.

Google’s Flood Forecasting Initiative

Google’s initiative, launched in 2018, demonstrates the power of data in crisis response. By collaborating with water commissions and using advanced flood prediction technology, Google sends accurate alerts to millions, visualizing potential flooding on Google Maps. This approach resonates with GLOFCA’s commitment to timely alerts and informed decision-making, reinforcing disaster resilience.

GloFAS and NASA’s Real-time Flood Mapping

Remote sensing from Earth observation, as highlighted by GloFAS and NASA’s systems, enriches flood awareness. Offering meteorological maps, early detection, and real-time data, these platforms echo GLOFCA’s emphasis on preparedness. Their data not only aids response during disasters but also supports recovery, aligning with our focus on data-driven solutions.

FANFAR Project

The FANFAR project’s regional approach to flood forecasting showcases the value of collaboration. In West and Central Africa, where climate change intensifies flooding risks, a network of disciplines collaborates to provide alerts via email and SMS. GLOFCA’s dedication to regional cooperation for Central Asia’s safety resonates with FANFAR’s cooperative spirit.

IFIS for Inclusive Decision-Making

The Iowa Flood Inundation System (IFIS) illustrates the importance of inclusive participation. By providing real-time data, maps, and holographic visualizations, IFIS empowers decision-makers and raises awareness. This aligns with GLOFCA’s focus on holistic approaches, ensuring all stakeholders are equipped with valuable insights.

As GLOFCA advances its objectives in glacial lake outburst flood management, these trends underscore the significance of accessible and accurate data. The World Water Development Report 2023 inspires us to harness innovative approaches in monitoring, setting the stage for a safer future in Central Asia.

Source: United Nations, The United Nations World Water Development Report 2023: Partnerships and Cooperation for Water. UNESCO, Paris.

GLOFCA Team Collaborates to Enhance Natural Hazard Management in Almaty Region

Written by admin on August 16 2023.

Kazakhstan, August 2023

This summer, the Kazakh mountains have witnessed a period of heightened natural hazards, particularly from glacier lakes and slopes near Almaty city. Intense rainfall triggered mudflows that damaged roads and structures, though fortunately, no lives were lost. In a bid to fortify the region against such threats, the GLOFCA team visited Almaty in August 2023 to advance the design of an Early Warning System (EWS) and continue their project work.

Key Partnerships for Safer Environments

During this visit, Dr. Alessandro Cicoira engaged with crucial organizations. He was welcomed by the Institute of Geography and Water Security, the Glaciological Centre Under the Auspices of UNESCO, and the State Institute Kazselezashita. These collaborations form the backbone of efforts to improve hazard management.

Concrete Steps for Mitigation

Dr. Cicoira’s stay included productive interactions. At the Institute of Geography, Prof Akhmetkal Medeu and Mr. Nikolay Popov discussed plans for implementing new mitigation measures in Kazakhstan. These measures are designed to minimize risks and enhance protection.

Field Insights Inform Action

A thorough field visit, including a revisit to the Medeu dam and surrounding areas, allowed the GLOFCA team to gather critical data. Colleagues from the Kazselezashita institute, led by Deputy Head Mr. Murat Kassenov, provided valuable insights into potential installation locations. These insights will shape implementation proposals and be presented at an upcoming workshop.

Towards a Stronger Early Warning System

Local experts contributed actively to shaping the EWS design. Valuable input on logistics, administration, politics, and technical aspects of the system was provided by colleagues from local institutions. Their shared goal is to create a modern, robust, and sustainable early warning system that safeguards Almaty, the former capital city, for years to come.

Fostering Successful Cooperation

The visit’s intensity was a result of the strong partnership between the University of Zurich and local collaborators. This collaboration has been instrumental in the project’s progress. With this visit, the project enters a pivotal phase, focusing on planning and implementing active mitigation measures to address the risk of mudflows.

As the GLOFCA team captured crucial insights and fostered collaboration, they demonstrated the power of international cooperation in mitigating natural hazards. The journey to secure Almaty’s safety continues, with practical steps towards a resilient future.

For more information about the project and its progress: https://glofca.org/news/

Kazakhstan’s experience joins global cooperation to create a safer environment

Written by admin on August 16 2023.

Kazakhstan, July 2022

Kazakhstan’s worldwide recognition for its mudflow research and expertise in managing natural hazards took center stage as the GLOFCA team explored the city of Almaty. The city’s formidable shield against hazards, large dams, impressed the team. The region’s elaborate network of monitoring stations, spread across mountain catchments, was an integral resource for local experts.

Key Collaborations for Enhanced Preparedness

Dr. Alessandro Cicoira was extended a warm welcome by the Institute of Geography and Water Security, the Glaciological Centre Under the Auspices of UNESCO, and the State Institute Kazselezashita. This partnership is pivotal for the success of projects aimed at making Kazakhstan more resilient.

On-Site Insights Deepen Understanding

The GLOFCA team delved into the field, with Dr. Cicoira and Dr. Munch from the SLF Snow and Avalanche Research Institute in Davos visiting the Tu Juksuur glacier. Accompanied by experts from the Central Asian Regional Glaciological Center (CARGC), they observed ongoing measurements despite adverse weather conditions. While weather thwarted some plans, it fueled compelling discussions. The team was treated to an exquisite meal at 3000 meters elevation, prepared by the gracious hosting team composed of Sandugash Usenovna Ranova, Vassiliy Petrovich Kapitza, Alexandr Borosovich Yegorov, Maria Evgenyevna Tatkova, Nikolay Yevgenyevich Kassatkin, and Aidana Kamalbekova.

Taking Action to Safeguard Almaty Region

A significant field survey focused on the Issik and Talgar catchments, integral to the GLOFCA Project. Mr. Murat Kassenov, Deputy Head of Kazselezashita, personally guided the visit, shedding light on Almaty Regions’s challenges and the solutions put in place. The Institute’s robust structure effectively addresses common hazards like snow avalanches, debris flows, mud flows, and landslides.

A Roadmap for Future Cooperation

Collaboration expanded to Al-Farabi University, where Dr. Salnikov and Dr. Taukebayev actively proposed synergies. The university’s hub, which includes the development of Early Warning Systems (EWS) for mudflows, aligned with the state institution Kazselezashita.

Strengthened Alliances for Safer Tomorrows

Coordination by the UNESCO office of Almaty enabled the Kazakh partners to demonstrate their operational strategies to counter GLOF and mud flow threats. Effective communication among partners ensured the smooth organization of future activities. The visit’s close marked the preparation for an international workshop on numerical modeling of GLOFs with the Software RAMMS, leaving the partners energized and ready for the next phase of the project.

As Kazakhstan and global allies join forces to tackle natural hazards, these collaborations hold the promise of creating more resilient communities in the face of adversity.

For further project insights and updates: https://glofca.org/news/

2023 Work Plan: the University of Zurich Aims to Safeguard Communities in Central Asia

Written by admin on July 24 2023.

In a significant effort to enhance safety and disaster preparedness in Central Asia, researchers at the University of Zurich (UZH) have planned the work for 2023 under the GLOFCA project, led by UNESCO and funded by Adaptation Fund. The work plan seeks to develop advanced tools, guidance documents, and early warning systems to protect communities from potential glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs).

Component 1: Tool Box Development

Under this component, UZH researchers are working on the development and finalization of a prototype tool for lake mapping. The tool will enable experts to gather crucial data from glacial lakes, even in challenging conditions like cloud cover or remote locations. The final prototype will be presented through webinars and workshops, fostering knowledge transfer among stakeholders.

Moreover, a comprehensive atlas on glacial lakes will be created based on the developed tool. This updated inventory will provide valuable insights into lake conditions and serve as a regional reference. By sharing this atlas with partners through online webinars and workshops, the project aims to promote better lake monitoring and management strategies.

Component 2: Best Practice Guidance Document

A methodological framework for assessing and mapping downstream GLOF hazard based on international best practices is being prepared. By co-authoring chapters of the Best Practice Guidance Document with inputs from local partners, the researchers will ensure a collaborative and region-specific approach.

The project team will also conduct hazard and risk modeling, using the outlined approaches in the guidance document. This modeling will help identify potential GLOF risks in both first-order (all lakes) and local detailed scenarios (pilot communities). Local scientists will be engaged in joint modeling and capacity building to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the hazards.

Component 3: Institutional DRR Framework

Institutional profiles for involved authorities will be developed to establish a local to regional framework for disaster risk reduction (DRR). By creating a GLOF Early Warning System (EWS) protocol, the project aims to streamline responsibilities, procedures, and information sharing among authorities. This step will contribute to efficient decision-making during emergencies.

Component 4: Site-Specific EWS Design and Implementation

One of the most critical aspects of the project is the site-specific monitoring concepts for each EWS. Based on detailed hazard assessments and process understanding, these concepts will provide essential data for reliable monitoring and warning capabilities. The involvement of local experts ensures that the EWS is tailored to each community’s needs and risks.

Component 5: Contribution to Web-Based Knowledge Platform

The University will contribute to the web-based knowledge platform to disseminate project outputs, including maps and plans. The platform serves as a valuable resource for researchers, authorities, and communities seeking information on glacial lake management and disaster preparedness.

Importance of the Tasks

The tasks under each component hold immense importance for safeguarding communities living near glacial lakes. By developing advanced tools and guidance documents, researchers can provide authorities and stakeholders with crucial data and knowledge for decision-making. The implementation of site-specific monitoring concepts will significantly improve early warning capabilities, allowing communities to respond effectively to potential GLOFs.

Through the web-based knowledge platform, the project ensures that the gathered information and best practices are easily accessible to a wide range of users. This knowledge exchange is vital for strengthening regional collaboration and disaster resilience in Central Asia.

As glacial lakes continue to be both awe-inspiring natural wonders and potential hazards, the UZH-led project’s comprehensive efforts demonstrate a commitment to sustainable development and the safety of communities in the region. By fostering collaboration and leveraging advanced technology, this ambitious initiative sets a precedent for enhanced glacial lake management worldwide.

New Technology Empowers Safer Management of Glacial Lakes

Written by admin on July 20 2023.

In the remote corners of the world, vast glacial lakes pose both natural wonders and potential hazards. For civil servants, journalists, and developmental agency workers, understanding these lakes is crucial for sustainable development and disaster preparedness. A groundbreaking scientific paper has explored and evaluated cutting-edge approaches for mapping glacial lakes, using advanced technology and innovative methodologies.

Tapping into Satellite-Based Sensors

In this study, researchers tapped into the power of satellite-based sensors, like optical imagery and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. These technologies enable scientists to gather vital information from glacial lakes even in challenging conditions, like cloud cover or remote locations. The optical imagery offers different spectral features for analysis, helping to distinguish between water and land surfaces. On the other hand, SAR data relies on the backscattering of surface waters, providing crucial insights into lake mapping.

Classical Approaches and Limitations

Classical approaches, such as the Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Enhanced Water Index (EWI), proved to be valuable tools for distinguishing water from land. However, the study also highlighted the limitations of these methods, especially when dealing with factors like glacial lake turbidity, cloud shadows, and seasonal snow. Additional post-processing steps are often needed to ensure accurate results.

Harnessing Machine Learning for Enhanced Lake Monitoring

Excitingly, researchers delved into the world of machine learning, where integration of different data sources significantly improved the accuracy of unsupervised land/water classification in high alpine areas. By using a random forest machine learning classifier on data from Sentinel-2 MSI and Sentinel-1 SAR, along with digital elevation models (DEMs), scientists achieved better glacial lake monitoring results. These advanced methodologies open doors for more effective and precise lake mapping, which can lead to better-informed decisions and risk management.

Using Auxiliary Information Sources

Additionally, the study tapped into auxiliary information sources, such as DEMs, to mitigate errors caused by steep slopes and cast shadows. These sources provided reliable data on mountainous areas, enabling scientists to get a clearer picture of the lakes and their surroundings.

To illustrate the practical applications of these findings, let’s dive into a real-life story that could have been true:

In a remote region of the Pamir region, the tiny village is nestled between majestic peaks and glacial lakes. For years, the community has lived in awe of the lakes’ beauty, but also in fear of potential hazards. The regional development agency and research institute, together with local civil servants and journalists, decided to adopt the latest lake mapping technology to protect the villagers.

Creating Early Warning Systems for Safer Development

Using the state-of-the-art satellite-based sensors, researchers captured optical imagery and SAR data, unveiling vital insights about the glacial lakes. Machine learning techniques were employed to process the vast amount of data, creating accurate maps that distinguished between land and water. This new information allowed the research insititute to identify potential risks and develop strategies to minimize them.

Armed with Knowledge: Early Warning System Implementation

Furthermore, auxiliary information sources, like digital elevation models, were used to create a comprehensive view of the landscape, reducing errors and improving accuracy. Armed with this knowledge, the regional development agency implemented an early warning system for the village, ensuring that the community would be alerted in case of any sudden lake changes or potential glacial lake outbursts.

Inspiring Global Change: A Safer Future for Glacial Lakes

Thanks to the collaborative efforts of the agency, institute, civil servants, and journalists, the village of San Juan now stands better equipped to manage the glacial lakes. They can appreciate the beauty of these natural wonders while being prepared for any risks they might pose. The innovative mapping technology has not only protected the community but also inspired other regions worldwide to adopt similar strategies for safer and more sustainable glacial lake management.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the scientific paper has unveiled groundbreaking methodologies for mapping glacial lakes, empowering civil servants, journalists, and developmental agency workers to safeguard communities and enhance sustainable development in regions surrounded by these awe-inspiring natural formations. With technology and knowledge at their disposal, these professionals can now act with greater confidence and foresight, protecting both people and the environment for generations to come.

Reference

For detailed information, please refer to Chapter 2 Lake mapping of the comprehensive document titled: Glacial Lakes Outburst Flood: Best Practice Guidance

News Category: Research

The Baralmos Glacier: Importance and Challenges

Work During the Field Visit

Assessment and Monitoring

Scouting for Early Warning System (EWS) Implementation

Impact and Future Directions

Study overview

Key Findings

Presentation at EGU24

Key Activities and Objectives

Expected Outcomes

Next Steps

EWS Progress Shared

Input from Stakeholders

Local Support Evident

Challenges Identified

Implications for Stakeholders

Collaborative Research Efforts

Local Insights

Field Campaign Objectives

Early Warning Systems (EWS)

The findings of expedition resonate with various stakeholders:

Google’s Flood Forecasting Initiative

GloFAS and NASA’s Real-time Flood Mapping

FANFAR Project

IFIS for Inclusive Decision-Making

Key Partnerships for Safer Environments

Concrete Steps for Mitigation

Field Insights Inform Action

Towards a Stronger Early Warning System

Fostering Successful Cooperation

Key Collaborations for Enhanced Preparedness

On-Site Insights Deepen Understanding

Taking Action to Safeguard Almaty Region

A Roadmap for Future Cooperation

Strengthened Alliances for Safer Tomorrows

Component 1: Tool Box Development

Component 2: Best Practice Guidance Document

Component 3: Institutional DRR Framework

Component 4: Site-Specific EWS Design and Implementation

Component 5: Contribution to Web-Based Knowledge Platform

Importance of the Tasks

Tapping into Satellite-Based Sensors

Classical Approaches and Limitations

Harnessing Machine Learning for Enhanced Lake Monitoring

Using Auxiliary Information Sources

To illustrate the practical applications of these findings, let’s dive into a real-life story that could have been true:

Creating Early Warning Systems for Safer Development

Armed with Knowledge: Early Warning System Implementation

Inspiring Global Change: A Safer Future for Glacial Lakes

Conclusion

Reference

Grievance Form